Receiver for a trailer hitch

ABSTRACT

A vehicle trailer hitch including an aluminum tubular U-shaped strut and a cast aluminum receiver mounted thereto. Ends of the strut tube are flatted to form integral planar mounting flanges for mounting the hitch to a vehicle.

This application is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 10/269,483 entitled“Trailer Hitch” filed Oct. 11, 2002 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,669,223, whichis a divisional of U.S. Ser. No. 09/694,590, filed Oct. 23, 2000, nowU.S. Pat. No. 6,464,240, entitled “Trailer Hitch”.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to vehicle trailer hitches, moreparticularly to a two component trailer hitch manufactured fromaluminum.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Many passenger vehicles, particularly trucks, vans and sport utilityvehicles are used to tow a trailer. The trailer is attached to a towingvehicle via a trailer hitch. One common type of trailer hitch is areceiver trailer hitch which includes a generally rectangular shapedtubular receiver in an assembly fixed to the vehicle frame structure. Agenerally rectangular shaped tongue extending from the trailer ismounted inside the receiver. The trailer hitch communicates the pulling,turning and braking forces from the towing vehicle to the trailer.Trailer hitches must bear a significant load and are designed for bothfunctionality and aesthetics. In view of the strength and safetyrequirements of trailer hitches, a conventional 10,000-pound capacitytrailer hitch typically weighs about of 35 pounds.

These conventional devices are typically formed from steel and includeassembly of numerous components which may number as high as eight ormore and which are joined together via arc welding. These heavy trailerhitches are often difficult to manipulate when installing or removingfrom a vehicle. Moreover, the weight of the trailer hitch addssignificantly to the vehicle weight, thus reducing the fuel efficiencyof the towing vehicle.

Typical trailer hitches formed from steel and having multiple componentsare disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,578,358; 4,032,170; 5,102,156;5,511,813; 5,620,198 and 5,277,448. Common to the trailer hitchesdisclosed in each of these patents is a multi-piece structure having anoverall U-shaped configuration which is bolted at least at the ends ofthe U-shaped structure to the towing vehicle. U.S. Pat. No. 5,489,111discloses a hidden trailer hitch having a curved strut member withmounting flanges attached to the end of the curved structure. U.S. Pat.No. Des. 427,118 discloses a design of elliptical tubes for use in atrailer hitch.

A significant drawback to conventional trailer hitches is the sheernumber of components of the trailer hitches. The number of componentsadds to the complexity in manufacturing and installing the trailer hitchas well as the overall weight of the trailer hitch.

Accordingly, a need remains for a simple, lightweight vehicle trailerhitch having a minimum number of components.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This need is met by the vehicle trailer hitch of the present inventionwhich includes 1) a unitary strut having a pair of integrally formedmounting members positioned at the ends of the strut and 2) a unitaryreceiver fixed to the strut at a position between the ends of the strut.Preferably, the strut is a U-shaped tubular member manufactured fromextruded aluminum alloy having a cross-sectional configuration of anoval or a football-shape, with the mounting members formed at the endsof the tube. The ends of the tube are flattened to provide substantiallyplanar portions. One or more openings are defined in the planar portionsfor receiving a fastener therethrough to fix the tube to a vehicle. Thereceiver includes a cast aluminum body preferably welded to the strut.An opening defined in the receiver is configured to receive one end of atrailer. The internal surfaces of the opening may be coated with aprotective material such as stainless steel.

The receiver further includes a bracket extending from the top of thereceiver body. The bracket includes an arcuately shaped attachmentsurface which abuts the exterior surface of the strut tube. A strutsupport member extends from the receiver body opposite the opening forreceiving the tongue member of a trailer. The strut support memberincludes an elongated flange with a strut support surface disposed on anopposing side of the strut tube from the arcuately shaped attachmentsurface of the bracket. A hanger may be fixed to the strut tube forsupporting and mounting electrical cables thereto.

The present invention further includes a method of manufacturing avehicle trailer hitch having the steps of providing a tube having a pairof ends, bending the tube into a U-shape, flattening the ends of thetube to form a pair of substantially planar portions, reforming aportion of the tube between the ends to mate with a trailer receiver andmounting a trailer receiver on the tube at a position between the ends.The step of providing a tube preferably includes extruding an aluminumalloy tube having an oval or football-shaped cross-sectionalconfiguration. A portion of tube is reformed to achieve across-sectional configuration which mates with a surface of thereceiver. The receiver preferably is manufactured from cast aluminum andis welded to the tube.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A complete understanding of the invention will be obtained from thefollowing description when taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawing figures wherein like reference characters identify like partsthroughout.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle trailer hitch made inaccordance with the present invention including a tube, a receiver and abracket;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the tube shown in FIG. 1 taken alongline 2—2;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the tube shown in FIG. 1 taken alongline 3—3;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the vehicle trailer hitch shown inFIG. 1 taken along line 4—4;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the receiver shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a front elevation view of the receiver shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the receiver shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a front elevation of the bracket shown in FIG. 1; and

FIG. 9 is a top view of the bracket shown in FIG. 8.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

For purposes of the description hereinafter, the terms “upper”, “lower”,“right”, “left”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom” andderivatives thereof shall relate to the invention as it is oriented inthe drawing figures. However, it is to be understood that the inventionmay assume various alternative variations and step sequences, exceptwhere expressly specified to the contrary. It is also to be understoodthat the specific devices and processes illustrated in the attacheddrawings, and described in the following specification, are simplyexemplary embodiments of the invention. Hence, specific dimensions andother physical characteristics related to the embodiments disclosedherein are not to be considered as limiting.

The vehicle trailer hitch 2 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1includes, in its most basic form, a U-shaped strut 10 and a receiver 30mounted to the strut 10 with an optional hanger 70.

The strut 10 is preferably in the form of a tube having across-sectional configuration which varies long its length. The strut 10preferably is extruded aluminum alloy of the Aluminum Association 6000series, more preferably alloys 6082, 6063 or 6061, most preferably alloy6082. The ends of the strut 10 are flattened, e.g. in a press, to formthe cross-sectional configuration shown in FIG. 2, thereby creatingintegrally formed mounting members 12. The mounting members 12 may haveother configurations yet be integrally formed with the strut 10. Themounting members 12 each define at least one, preferably two, holes 14in an underside 16 thereof and a corresponding number of holes 18 in anupper side 20. Preferably, the holes 14 and 18 have the same or similardimensions, although one set of holes 14 and 18 may have differentdimensions from another set of holes 14 and 18. Each set of one hole 14and one hole 18 is aligned to receive a fastener (not shown)therethrough. Preferably, a headed bolt or the like seats on theunderside 16 of the mounting members 12 and the shank of the boltextends through the holes 14 and 18 and into the underside of a vehicle(not shown) to mount the hitch 2 to the vehicle.

An intermediate portion 22 of the strut 10 has a generally oval orfootball-shaped cross-sectional configuration as shown in FIG. 3, and acentral portion 24 of the strut 10 has an irregular cross-sectionalconfiguration as shown in FIG. 4 in the location of the receiver 30.Preferably, the strut 10 is extruded as a straight tube having a wall 25and a football-shaped cross-sectional configuration. The ends areflattened to form the mounting members 12, and the tube is bent into aU-shape forming curved portions 26.

Referring to FIG. 1, the wall 25 of the strut 10 may further define oneor more openings 28 through a single thickness of the wall 25. Theopenings 28 are positioned and sized to accommodate downwardly extendingstructures on the underside of a vehicle which would otherwise interferewith the positioning of the strut 10 against the under side of thevehicle.

The wall 25 of the strut 10 is deformed from the extrudedcross-sectional configuration as shown in FIG. 4 to permit mounting ofthe receiver 30 to the central portion 24 of the strut 10. The receiver30 is preferably fixed to the central portion 24 of the strut 10 viawelding as shown at reference numerals 31. The cross-sectionalconfiguration of the central portion 24 of the strut 10 achieves anacceptable mating relationship between the strut 10 and the receiver 30.

The receiver 30 includes a unitary body 32 which defines a socketopening 34 for receiving the tongue member of a trailer (not shown). Thereceiver preferably is manufactured from cast aluminum of the AluminumAssociation 3xx series, more preferably alloy A356. An inner surface ofthe socket opening 34 is preferably lined with a plasma sprayedcomposition such as stainless steel to provide wear resistance andcorrosion resistance to the aluminum receiver 30. An arm 36 extends fromthe body 32 on an opposite side thereof from the socket opening 34. Anelongated flange 38 extends from the arm 36 and includes a strut supportsurface 40. Preferably, the central portion 24 is welded to the strutsupport surface 40 of the receiver 30. One or more brackets 42 extendfrom an upper side of the receiver 30 and include a wall 44. A slopedledge 46 extends from one side of the wall 44, a generally horizontalledge 48 extends from a topside of the wall 44, and a generally verticalledge 50 extends from a rear side of the wall 44. An arcuately shapedflange 52 extends from the vertical ledge 50 and includes a strutreceiving surface 54 on an underside of the ledge 50 and at least one,preferably two, ribs 56 formed in an upper surface thereof. Each slopedledge 46 defines an opening 58 for receiving safety chains and the likeof a trailer (not shown), and each wall 44 defines an opening 60 forreceiving a trailer hitch pin (not shown). A mounting hole 62 is definedin the horizontal ledge 48. A bolt (not shown) may extend from anunderside of the ledge 48, through the hole 62 and into the underside ofa vehicle (not shown) to further secure the hitch 2 to the vehicle.

Referring to FIGS. 1, 8 and 9, the trailer hitch 2 may include a hanger70 fixed to the intermediate portion 22 of the strut 10. The hanger 70includes a planar member 72 defining one or more first openings 74 forproviding access to weld the hanger 70 to the strut 10. A second opening76 and third openings 77 defined in the planar member 72 are sized andconfigured to receive electrical connections and/or cables between thevehicle and the trailer. A pair of side support members 78 is integrallyformed with the planar member 72 and has curved surfaces 80 which matewith the strut 10.

Having described the presently preferred embodiments, it is to beunderstood that the invention may be otherwise embodied within the scopeof the appended claims.

1. A unitary cast receiver for a vehicle trailer hitch comprising: atubular body having an upper side and a lower side, one end of said bodydefining an opening for receiving one end of a vehicle trailer; abracket extending from said body upper side, said bracket terminating inan arcuately shaped flange having a strut receiving surface for matingwith a strut of a trailer hitch; and a strut support member including anarm extending from the other end of said body, said arm including anelongated flange with a strut support surface for supporting a strut ofa trailer hitch on an opposing side of the strut from said strutreceiving surface of the arcuately shaped flange of said bracket,wherein said body, said bracket and said strut support member areintegral portions of said unitary cast receiver.
 2. The unitary receiverof claim 1 wherein said unitary receiver comprises a pair of saidbrackets, each said bracket terminating in an arcuately shaped flangehaving a strut receiving surface for mating with a strut of a trailerhitch.
 3. A unitary receiver for a vehicle trailer hitch comprising: atubular body having an upper side and a lower side, one end of said bodydefining an opening for receiving one end of a vehicle trailer; a pairof brackets extending from said body upper side, each said bracketterminating in an arcuately shaped flange having a strut receivingsurface for mating with a strut of a trailer hitch and at least onereinforcing rib on said flange on an opposing side of said flange fromsaid strut receiving surface; and a strut support member extending fromthe other end of said body for supporting a strut of a trailer hitch onan opposing side of the strut from said strut receiving surface of thearcuately shaped flanges of said pair of brackets.
 4. The unitaryreceiver of claim 3 wherein said strut support member comprises an armextending from said other end of said body, said arm including anelongated flange with a strut support surface.
 5. The unitary receiverof claim 4 wherein the strut support surface of said elongated flangeopposes the arcuately shaped flanges of said pair of brackets.
 6. In atrailer hitch comprising an elongated strut and a receiver mounted tothe strut, the improvement comprising: said receiver being a unitarycast member comprising a tubular body having an upper side and a lowerside, one end of said body defining an opening for receiving one end ofa vehicle trailer; a bracket extending from said body upper side, saidbracket terminating in an arcuately shaped flange having a strutreceiving surface mating with said strut; and a strut support memberincluding an arm extending from the other end of said body, said armincluding an elongated flange with a strut support surface forsupporting said strut on an opposing side of said strut from said strutreceiving surface of the arcuately shaped flange of said bracket,wherein said body, said bracket and said strut support member areintegral portions of said unitary cast receiver.
 7. The trailer hitch ofclaim 6 wherein said unitary receiver comprises a pair of said brackets,each said bracket terminating in an arcuately shaped flange having astrut receiving surface mating with the strut.
 8. In a trailer hitchcomprising an elongated strut and a receiver mounted to the strut, theimprovement comprising: said receiver being a unitary member comprisinga tubular body having an upper side and a lower side, one end of saidbody defining an opening for receiving one end of a vehicle trailer; apair of brackets extending from said body upper side, each said bracketterminating in an arcuately shaped flange having a strut receivingsurface mating with said strut and at least one reinforcing rib on saidflange on an opposing side of said flange from said strut receivingsurface; and a strut support member extending from the other end of saidbody and supporting said strut on an opposing side of said strut fromsaid strut receiving surfaces of the arcuately shaped flanges of saidpair of brackets.
 9. The trailer hitch of claim 8 wherein said supportmember comprises an arm extending from said other end of said body, saidarm including an elongated flange with a strut support surface.
 10. Thetrailer hitch of claim 9 wherein the strut support surface of saidelongated flange is located on an opposing side of the strut from thestrut receiving surfaces of said arcuately shaped flanges of said pairof brackets.